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16.1 Which of the following characteristics do we tend to attribute to

 physically attractive people?

 a. coldness

 b. competence

 c. unpleasantness

 d. all of the above







16.2 Cognitive structures that guide our perceptions of people and events are

 termed:

 a. attributions

 b. stigmata

 c. schemas

 d. none of the above

16.3 Inferences that we make about the causes of our own and others' behavior

 are termed:

 a. attributions

 b. stigmata

 c. schemas

 d. correlations







16.4 Bruce performed very well on the examination, which he attributed to

 native ability and hard work.  Which bias does this BEST illustrate?

 a. the fundamental attribution error

 b. the actor-observer bias

 c. the self-serving bias

 d. all of the above







16.5 Which of the following could be an example of the fundamental

 attribution error?

 a. Ralph described himself as a failure.

 b. Ralph thought that the reason he failed was that he was sick that

    day.

 c. Jayne said Ralph failed because the test was unfair.

 d. Sue explained Ralph's failure in terms of his incompetence and

    laziness.

16.6 Which of the following are related to interpersonal attraction?

 a. proximity

 b. similarity

 c. physical attractiveness

 d. all of the above





16.7 Bruce had what could be described as a secure attachment to his parents

 during his infancy.  What kind of relationship is he likely to develop

 as an adult?

 a. trusting and close

 b. jealous

 c. volatile and preoccupied with love

 d. dependent and difficult

16.8 Which of the following is, in general, likely to reduce the

 persuasiveness of a message?

 a. The receiver's viewpoint is already fairly close to that of the

    message.

 b. The receiver has been forewarned about the message.

 c. A two-sided appeal is used.

 d. The source is physically attractive.







16.9 Osmo is frequently seen in the company of Cosmo. When asked if he likes

 Cosmo, Osmo replies, "I guess I must, since I hang out with him." Which

 theory does this example best illustrate?

 a. balance

 b. cognitive dissonance

 c. self-perception

 d. observational learning







16.10 In making a decision you rely on the actions and the behavior

 of your best friends. According to the elaboration likelihood model,

 which route to persuasion have you used?

 a. central

 b. peripheral

 c. attributional

 d. illusory

16.11 Which of the following is the best statement of conclusion concerning

 Milgram's classic study involving the learner, teacher, and ostensible

 shock?

 a. Under certain circumstances, people seem to enjoy the opportunity to

    be cruel to others.

 b. People have a strong tendency to obey an authority even if their

    actions may harm others.

 c. The more people there are who observe someone in need of help, the

    less likely any one is to help.

 d. Aggression seems to be a more potent force in human nature than had

    previously been suspected.

16.12 Which of the following is most likely to function as a group?

 a. shoppers at a mall

 b. the audience in a theater

 c. the board of trustees of a college

 d. passengers in an airplane







16.13 Vanessa witnesses a car accident. In which of the following cases is she

 most likely to stop and render assistance?

 a. Only she saw the accident.

 b. She and one other individual saw the accident.

 c. She and 18 others saw the accident.

 d. The other observers are pedestrians.





16.14 Suppose the original decisions of members of a group are represented by

 the following numbers in a group polarization study: 9, 7, 5, 5, 4. The

 range of numbers possible in the study is from 0 to 9. Which of the

 following possible shifts in decisions would demonstrate polarization?

 a. 2, 3, 3, 4, 5

 b. 7, 7, 6, 5, 5

 c. 5, 4, 0, 2, 3

 d. 9, 9, 7, 7, 5





16.15 What is one of the major causes of groupthink?

 a. strong group cohesion

 b. weak group cohesion

 c. the tendency of group members to grandstand

 d. group conflict

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Answers

 



16.1 Which of the following characteristics do we tend to attribute to

 physically attractive people?

 a. coldness

 b. competence

 c. unpleasantness

 d. all of the above





16.2 Cognitive structures that guide our perceptions of people and events are

 termed:

 a. attributions

 b. stigmata

 c. schemas

 d. none of the above





16.3 Inferences that we make about the causes of our own and others' behavior

 are termed:

 a. attributions

 b. stigmata

 c. schemas

 d. correlations





16.4 Bruce performed very well on the examination, which he attributed to

 native ability and hard work.  Which bias does this BEST illustrate?

 a. the fundamental attribution error

 b. the actor-observer bias

 c. the self-serving bias

 d. all of the above





16.5 Which of the following could be an example of the fundamental

 attribution error?

 a. Ralph described himself as a failure.

 b. Ralph thought that the reason he failed was that he was sick that

    day.

 c. Jayne said Ralph failed because the test was unfair.

 d. Sue explained Ralph's failure in terms of his incompetence and

    laziness.





16.6 Which of the following are related to interpersonal attraction?

 a. proximity

 b. similarity

 c. physical attractiveness

 d. all of the above





16.7 Bruce had what could be described as a secure attachment to his parents

 during his infancy.  What kind of relationship is he likely to develop

 as an adult?

 a. trusting and close

 b. jealous

 c. volatile and preoccupied with love

 d. dependent and difficult





16.8 Which of the following is, in general, likely to reduce the

 persuasiveness of a message?

 a. The receiver's viewpoint is already fairly close to that of the

    message.

 b. The receiver has been forewarned about the message.

 c. A two-sided appeal is used.

 d. The source is physically attractive.





16.9 Osmo is frequently seen in the company of Cosmo. When asked if he likes

 Cosmo, Osmo replies, "I guess I must, since I hang out with him." Which

 theory does this example best illustrate?

 a. balance

 b. cognitive dissonance

 c. self-perception

 d. observational learning





16.10 In making a decision you rely on the actions and the behavior

 of your best friends. According to the elaboration likelihood model,

 which route to persuasion have you used?

 a. central

 b. peripheral

 c. attributional

 d. illusory





16.11 Which of the following is the best statement of conclusion concerning

 Milgram's classic study involving the learner, teacher, and ostensible

 shock?

 a. Under certain circumstances, people seem to enjoy the opportunity to

    be cruel to others.

 b. People have a strong tendency to obey an authority even if their

    actions may harm others.

 c. The more people there are who observe someone in need of help, the

    less likely any one is to help.

 d. Aggression seems to be a more potent force in human nature than had

    previously been suspected.





16.12 Which of the following is most likely to function as a group?

 a. shoppers at a mall

 b. the audience in a theater

 c. the board of trustees of a college

 d. passengers in an airplane





16.13 Vanessa witnesses a car accident. In which of the following cases is she

 most likely to stop and render assistance?

 a. Only she saw the accident.

 b. She and one other individual saw the accident.

 c. She and 18 others saw the accident.

 d. The other observers are pedestrians.





16.14 Suppose the original decisions of members of a group are represented by

 the following numbers in a group polarization study: 9, 7, 5, 5, 4. The

 range of numbers possible in the study is from 0 to 9. Which of the

 following possible shifts in decisions would demonstrate polarization?

 a. 2, 3, 3, 4, 5

 b. 7, 7, 6, 5, 5

 c. 5, 4, 0, 2, 3

 d. 9, 9, 7, 7, 5





16.15 What is one of the major causes of groupthink?

 a. strong group cohesion

 b. weak group cohesion

 c. the tendency of group members to grandstand

 d. group conflict

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